Story

Imagine a world where everything is connected!!

The Exciting World of IOT Architecture –

By 2025, it’s estimated there will be over 75 billion IoT devices!”

Introduction

IOT stands for Internet Of things. It describes devices with sensors, software and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the internet of other communication network. The iot involves four types of layers which is Perception Layer, Network/Gateway Layer, Middleware Layer and Application Layer.

It also makes things smarter and efficient in the real-life applications like:                           

• Homes
• Cities
• Deliveries

Perception Layer

In the perception layer, number of sensors and actuators are used to gather useful information like temperature, moisture content, intruder detection, sounds, etc. The main function of this layer is to get information from surroundings and to pass data to another layer so that some actions can be done based on that information.

Example

• Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensors
• sensor gateways 
• sensor nodes

Network Gateway/layer

The gateway operates at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI Model. The gateway is used when transmitting packets. When packets are sent over a network, the destination IP address is examined. If the destination IP is outside of the network, then the packet goes to the gateway for transmission outside of the network.

Examples:

• Server
• Firewall
• Router

Middleware Layer

Software developers use middleware to integrate different software components into other applications. Middleware offers a standard Application Programming Interface (API) to manage the required input and output of data from the component. The internal linking with the component is hidden from the user.

Examples of applications:

• Smart city
• Smart homes
• Agriculture
• Transportation

Examples of middleware layer:

• database middleware
• application server middleware message-oriented middleware 
• web middleware
• transaction-processing monitors
• Application layer

Middleware Layer

MiddleWare Components:

• Management console. Provides an overview of the middleware activities and configurations.
• Client interface. Communicates with the involved applications, databases or other services.
• Internal interface. Ensures that components function cohesively.
• Platform interface. Ensures compatibility between software.
• Contract manager. Defines the procedures that applications must follow for data exchange.
• Session manager. Creates secure communication channels between the middleware and applications.
• Database manager. Integrates with different databases.
• Runtime monitor. Continuously monitors middleware data movements and generates reports for developers.

Application Layer

The application layer is used by end-user software such as web browsers and email clients. It provides protocols that allow software to send and receive information and present meaningful data to users. By systematically analyzing data generated by the app’s users, developers can gain a comprehensive understanding of how the app is utilized. This insight, in turn, allows developers to continuously fine-tune the app’s functionality to ensure it remains relevant and efficient.

• Example of Application layer:

• FTP
• SMTP
• HTTP
• DNS

Understanding the workflow of IOT

Data is collected by sensors, sent to the cloud for processing, and the results are accessed via a user interface.

“The future is connected, and IoT is leading the way.” 

Story

Imagine a world where everything is connected- The Exciting World of IOT Architecture – IOT stands for Internet Of things. It describes devices with sensors, software and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the internet of other communication network.